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Updated: Jul 2, 2025
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Published on: April 2, 2021
Retinopathy of Prematurity-Targeting Hypoxic and Redox Signaling Pathways
Liyu Zhang1, Francesco Buonfiglio1, Achim Fieß1
1Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Insights
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness. This review details ROP's causes, diagnosis, and cutting-edge treatments targeting hypoxia and redox signaling.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neonatology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of visual impairment and blindness in premature infants globally.
- Untreated ROP can lead to severe vision loss, including retinal detachment.
- Epidemiological patterns of ROP vary geographically due to differences in neonatal care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiological mechanisms of ROP.
- To present current and emerging treatment strategies for ROP.
- To highlight novel therapeutic targets, including hypoxia and redox signaling pathways.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent advancements in ROP research.
- Analysis of pathophysiological pathways involved in ROP development.
- Evaluation of cutting-edge treatment modalities for ROP.
Main Results:
- ROP is a complex vascular disorder influenced by multiple factors.
- Hypoxia and aberrant redox signaling are key drivers of ROP pathogenesis.
- Emerging treatments focus on modulating these pathways to prevent disease progression.
Conclusions:
- Continued research into ROP mechanisms is crucial for developing effective interventions.
- Targeting hypoxia and redox signaling shows promise for future ROP therapies.
- Early diagnosis and timely treatment remain essential for preserving vision in premature infants.
Abstract:
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative vascular ailment affecting the retina. It is the main risk factor for visual impairment and blindness in infants and young children worldwide. If left undiagnosed and untreated, it can progress to retinal detachment and severe visual impairment. Geographical variations in ROP epidemiology have emerged over recent decades, attributable to differing levels of care provided to preterm infants across countries and regions. Our understanding of the causes of ROP, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and associated risk factors continues to advance. This review article aims to present the pathophysiological mechanisms of ROP, including its treatment. Specifically, it delves into the latest cutting-edge treatment approaches targeting hypoxia and redox signaling pathways for this condition.
