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Related Concept Videos

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate01:10

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate

142
The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
When aggregates are exposed to rain or sit in stockpiles, they absorb moisture, which must be...
142
Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate01:20

Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate

287
Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
When all pores in an aggregate are filled with water, the aggregate is considered saturated and surface-dry. If left in dry air, water will evaporate until the...
287
Mixing Time01:19

Mixing Time

166
The concept of mixing time is significant in producing a uniform concrete mix with the required strength. The mixing period starts once all components are in the mixer. Initially, the mixer is charged with 10% of the water, followed by the consistent addition of solids and then 80% of the water. The remaining water is added later, within the first quarter of the mixing period. The minimum mixing time varies according to the mixer's capacity; for example, mixers with up to 1 cubic yard...
166
Factors Affecting Workability01:24

Factors Affecting Workability

72
The workability of concrete is a critical characteristic that influences the ease of mixing, handling, and finishing the concrete. It is affected by several factors including water content, aggregate properties, and admixtures like air entrainment. Water plays a fundamental role as it lubricates the concrete mix, facilitating easier movement and placement. However, the water requirement varies depending on the texture and shape of aggregates. Finer particles and angular, rough-textured...
72
Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability01:14

Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability

81
This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
81
Mixing Concrete01:30

Mixing Concrete

114
Concrete mixing ensures a homogenous blend where aggregates are well-coated with cement paste. Concrete mixing is typically done using two main types of mixers: batch and continuous. Batch mixers handle one batch at a time, thoroughly combining materials before discharging and receiving the next batch. In contrast, continuous mixers receive a steady flow of ingredients, mixing them consistently and discharging without interruption. Within batch mixers, tilting drum mixers mix with internal...
114

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Fabric Moisture Uniform Control to Study the Influence of Air Impingement Parameters on Fabric Drying Characteristics
06:28

Fabric Moisture Uniform Control to Study the Influence of Air Impingement Parameters on Fabric Drying Characteristics

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Numerical Study on Effect of Aggregate Moisture on Mixing Process.

Guodong Cao1, Sheng Xie1, Daiqiang Deng1

  • 1College of Civil Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Adding a small amount of moisture to aggregates in concrete mixing can improve homogeneity initially. However, this effect diminishes with longer mixing times, showing moisture

Keywords:
angle of reposeconcretediscrete element methodliquid bridge forcemixingmoisture content

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics

Background:

  • Aggregate moisture significantly affects concrete mixing dynamics and homogeneity.
  • Understanding particle interactions under varying moisture conditions is crucial for optimizing concrete production.
  • Existing models often simplify or neglect the role of liquid bridge forces in aggregate interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of aggregate moisture on the mixing homogeneity of sand and stone.
  • To establish a functional relationship between moisture content and cohesive contact model parameters.
  • To validate the suitability of the discrete element method (DEM) for simulating wet aggregate mixing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the discrete element method (DEM) to simulate aggregate mixing.
  • Employed the Hertz-Mindlin model for dry particle interactions.
  • Applied a linear cohesion model, incorporating liquid bridge forces, for wet particle interactions.
  • Established a functional relationship between moisture content and linear cohesive contact model parameters.

Main Results:

  • The DEM is a viable numerical method for simulating aggregate mixing processes.
  • The linear cohesion model is suitable for pebble moisture content (0-0.75%) and sand moisture content (0-10.9%).
  • Low moisture content initially enhances mixing homogeneity (lower standard deviation) but has no significant effect over extended mixing times.

Conclusions:

  • A small amount of moisture can improve initial mixing homogeneity in concrete aggregates.
  • The impact of moisture on mixing homogeneity is dependent on mixing duration.
  • These findings provide insights for optimizing concrete mixing processes by controlling aggregate moisture.