Biomaterial-Based Responsive Nanomedicines for Targeting Solid Tumor Microenvironments.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nanomedicine
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Solid tumors possess a complex, metabolically active microenvironment (TME) influencing treatment efficacy.
• Challenges within the TME include abnormal vasculature, dense stroma, hypoxia, and acidic pH, hindering drug delivery.
• Nanomedicines offer potential solutions by targeting specific TME features for enhanced accumulation and penetration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review nanomedicine targeting mechanisms responsive to the solid tumor microenvironment (TME).
• To explore how biomaterial-based nanomedicines exploit or overcome TME obstacles.
• To highlight advancements in combinational and immunotherapies using responsive nanomedicines.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of nanomedicine strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME).
• Analysis of biomaterial-based nanomedicines designed for TME-responsive targeting.
• Examination of preclinical and clinical studies on nanomedicine applications in solid tumors.

Main Results:

• Responsive nanomedicines demonstrate improved site specificity and tumor penetration.
• Biomaterial-based nanomedicines show promise in enhancing therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects.
• Targeting TME features and immune reprogramming are key strategies for advanced cancer therapy.

Conclusions:

• Responsive nanomedicines utilizing biomaterials are effective tools for overcoming TME challenges.
• These systems significantly advance combinational and immunotherapies for solid tumors.
• Further development holds promise for improved anticancer effectiveness and patient outcomes.