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Related Concept Videos

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

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Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
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Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

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Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
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Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

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Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

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Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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Potential Benefits and Risks Associated with the Use of Statins.

Nisha Khatiwada1, Zhongkui Hong1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.

Pharmaceutics
|February 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Statins are vital for cardiovascular disease but can cause adverse effects like type 2 diabetes and muscle pain. This review details statin benefits, risks, and associated symptoms (SAS) for better clinical management.

Keywords:
pleiotropic effectsstatinstatin-associated symptoms

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of global mortality.
  • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are the primary pharmacological treatment for CVD.
  • Statins possess pleiotropic effects beyond lipid-lowering, impacting endothelial function, inflammation, and plaque stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of statin therapy.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of action, therapeutic advantages, and potential risks associated with statin use.
  • To discuss statin-associated symptoms (SAS) and their clinical implications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on statins.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and observational studies.
  • Synthesis of information regarding efficacy, safety, and adverse events.

Main Results:

  • Statins effectively reduce cardiovascular events and offer significant pleiotropic benefits.
  • Adverse effects, termed statin-associated symptoms (SAS), can occur, including type 2 diabetes, myopathy, and liver issues.
  • SAS are often infrequent and challenging to definitively attribute to statin use in clinical trials, potentially leading to treatment modification.

Conclusions:

  • Statins remain a cornerstone in managing cardiovascular diseases due to their proven efficacy.
  • Understanding the full spectrum of statin benefits and risks, including SAS, is crucial for optimizing patient care.
  • Careful monitoring and individualized treatment approaches are necessary to balance the benefits and risks of statin therapy.