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Potential Benefits and Risks Associated with the Use of Statins

Nisha Khatiwada1, Zhongkui Hong1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.

Pharmaceutics
|February 24, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Statins are vital for cardiovascular disease but can cause adverse effects like type 2 diabetes and muscle pain. This review details statin benefits, risks, and associated symptoms (SAS) for better clinical management.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of global mortality.
  • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are the primary pharmacological treatment for CVD.
  • Statins possess pleiotropic effects beyond lipid-lowering, impacting endothelial function, inflammation, and plaque stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of statin therapy.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of action, therapeutic advantages, and potential risks associated with statin use.
  • To discuss statin-associated symptoms (SAS) and their clinical implications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on statins.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and observational studies.
  • Synthesis of information regarding efficacy, safety, and adverse events.

Main Results:

  • Statins effectively reduce cardiovascular events and offer significant pleiotropic benefits.
  • Adverse effects, termed statin-associated symptoms (SAS), can occur, including type 2 diabetes, myopathy, and liver issues.
  • SAS are often infrequent and challenging to definitively attribute to statin use in clinical trials, potentially leading to treatment modification.

Conclusions:

  • Statins remain a cornerstone in managing cardiovascular diseases due to their proven efficacy.
  • Understanding the full spectrum of statin benefits and risks, including SAS, is crucial for optimizing patient care.
  • Careful monitoring and individualized treatment approaches are necessary to balance the benefits and risks of statin therapy.

Keywords:
pleiotropic effectsstatinstatin-associated symptoms

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