Augmented Reality Integration in Skull Base Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Medical Technology
• Augmented Reality Applications

Background:

• Investigating the integration and impact of augmented reality (AR) in complex skull base (SB) neurosurgical procedures.
• Reviewing current literature to understand the evolving role of AR in enhancing surgical precision and patient outcomes.
• Assessing the current landscape of AR adoption within the specialized field of SB neurosurgery.

Approach:

• Systematic literature review using PRISMA methodology, searching PubMed and Scopus databases for relevant studies.
• Analyzing 19 studies published primarily in the United States within the last five years, focusing on AR applications in SB surgery.
• Categorizing studies based on the use of phantom skull models, cadavers, or human patients, and identifying predominant surgical and tracking modalities.

Key Points:

• Augmented reality (AR) integration in skull base (SB) neurosurgery is predominantly explored using microscopic surgical modalities.
• Optical tracking and CT scans are common data sources, with Target Registration Error (TRE) values varying across studies.
• A significant portion of research utilizes AR with human patients, indicating a move towards clinical application.

Conclusions:

• Augmented reality (AR) demonstrates successful outcomes and minimal complications in skull base (SB) neurosurgery, despite variations in Target Registration Error (TRE).
• Practical challenges like device usability and data security persist, but the use of affordable AR devices suggests increased accessibility.
• Further research and development in AR technology are warranted to overcome current limitations and broaden its application in neurosurgical interventions.