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Dynamic interactions between heart rate and atrioventricular conduction.

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|September 1, 1985

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Heart rate changes significantly impact atrioventricular (AV) conduction time, showing asymmetry between increases and decreases. The rate of heart rate change also influences 1:1 AV conduction, affecting the point at which it fails.

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Autonomic Nervous System

Background:

Atrioventricular (AV) conduction time is crucial for cardiac function.
Understanding how heart rate (HR) changes affect AV conduction is vital, especially in the absence of autonomic neural tone.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate beat-by-beat alterations in AV conduction time during linear and abrupt changes in HR.
To determine the influence of HR change magnitude, direction, and rate on AV interval and 1:1 AV conduction.

Main Methods:

Utilized alpha-chloralose-anesthetized, autonomically decentralized dogs (n=10).
Recorded electrocardiogram (ECG), arterial pressure, and electrograms from sinus node, right ventricle, and His bundle.
Generated controlled, computer-driven linear and abrupt HR changes and analyzed AV interval responses.

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Main Results:

AV interval demonstrated marked asymmetry, being dependent on the direction (increase vs. decrease) of HR change.
The rate of HR change significantly altered the HR at which 1:1 AV conduction failed.
Higher rates of HR increase allowed 1:1 conduction to persist to higher HRs, but the final AV interval was negatively correlated with the rate of HR change.
Abrupt HR increases led to accommodation of the AV interval primarily at higher HR levels.

Conclusions:

Cardiac cycle length is not fixed with respect to AV interval; it depends on the magnitude and direction of HR alterations.
The rate of HR change is a significant determinant of 1:1 AV conduction limits, independent of autonomic neural tone.