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Propulsive Force Modulation Drives Split-Belt Treadmill Adaptation in People with Multiple Sclerosis
Andrew C Hagen1, Christopher M Patrick1,2, Isaac E Bast1
1Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1582, USA.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 24, 2024
Summary
Split-belt treadmill training improves gait symmetry in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) by altering leg movement patterns. This study reveals that adaptations primarily involve changes in propulsive forces and joint motions in the more affected leg.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomechanics
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently causes gait asymmetry, increasing fall risk.
- Split-belt treadmill training is a promising intervention to improve gait symmetry in people with MS (PwMS).
- The underlying biomechanical mechanisms of adaptation in PwMS are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biomechanical adaptations during split-belt treadmill training in PwMS.
- To identify how gait symmetry is modulated through specific joint kinematics and kinetics.
Main Methods:
- 32 PwMS participated in a 10-minute split-belt treadmill adaptation.
- The more affected (MA) leg moved twice as fast as the less affected (LA) leg.
- Kinematic and kinetic analyses were performed to assess gait adaptations.
Main Results:
- Increased peak propulsion asymmetry between limbs was the primary adaptation.
- MA limb's peak dorsiflexion and plantarflexion onset contributed significantly to propulsion asymmetry.
- LA limb joints showed only immediate reactive adjustments, not adaptive changes.
Conclusions:
- Gait adaptation in PwMS during split-belt training is driven by propulsive force modulation and associated joint kinematics.
- Understanding these specific biomechanical changes can refine therapeutic strategies for improving MS gait symmetry.
