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Simple multi-signal calibrations exploiting flow analysis systems.

Vivian Maringolo1, Alexandre Z Carvalho1, Diogo L Rocha1

  • 1Center on Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New multi-signal calibration methods, online multi-energy calibration (OMEC) and multi-dispersion calibration (MDC), offer accurate and efficient molecular spectrochemical analysis in flow-based systems. These techniques simplify sample preparation and minimize matrix effects for reliable analyte quantification.

Keywords:
Flow analysisMulti-dispersion calibrationMulti-energy calibrationUrea

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectrochemical Analysis
  • Flow-Based Systems

Background:

  • Traditional calibration methods in molecular spectrochemical analysis can be limited by matrix effects and analytical frequency.
  • Multi-signal calibration strategies offer an alternative by analyzing sample and standard mixtures to improve accuracy and efficiency.
  • Existing multi-signal approaches require careful consideration of sample preparation and potential matrix interferences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate two novel multi-signal calibration approaches for flow-based analytical systems: online multi-energy calibration (OMEC) and multi-dispersion calibration (MDC).
  • To assess the feasibility and applicability of OMEC and MDC for the determination of analytes in real-world samples.
  • To compare the performance of OMEC and MDC against traditional external calibration (EC) and standard addition methods.

Main Methods:

  • Development of OMEC based on spectral responses at multiple wavelengths.
  • Development of MDC based on the analysis of sample dispersion profiles.
  • Application of both methods in flow-based systems using sample solutions diluted with standard and water, tested with KMnO4, urea in milk, and pet potty spray.

Main Results:

  • OMEC and MDC demonstrated feasibility in continuous and pulsed flow regimes, successfully quantifying KMnO4.
  • Spectrophotometric determination of urea in milk and pet potty spray showed good accuracy with recoveries ranging from 93 to 101%.
  • Limits of detection for urea were comparable or improved using MDC (13 mg L⁻¹) and OMEC (16 mg L⁻¹) versus EC (10 mg L⁻¹).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed MDC and OMEC methods are effective and efficient for analytical purposes within flow-based manifolds.
  • These multi-signal calibration strategies offer advantages in simplicity and matrix effect minimization.
  • The study confirms the practical applicability of OMEC and MDC for accurate analyte quantification in complex samples.