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Design and Optimization Strategies of a High-Performance Vented Box
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Building integrated diffusers' area ratio optimization.

Abdel Rahman Elbakheit1

  • 1Department of Architecture and Building Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. albakheit@ksu.edu.sa.

Scientific Reports
|February 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The optimal area ratio for diffusers to maximize energy output was found to be 1.5, achieving a peak power coefficient (Cp) of 4.2. Higher ratios led to wind separation, reducing efficiency.

Keywords:
Building integrated diffusersDiffuser area ratioDiffuser optimizationDiffuser sizingWind energy augmentationWind energy optimization in buildings

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Area of Science:

  • Renewable Energy Systems
  • Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics

Background:

  • Diffusers play a crucial role in enhancing energy yield from wind sources.
  • The area ratio parameter significantly influences diffuser performance and architectural integration.
  • Standardized diffuser profiles, like the NACA 1244 aerofoil, guide design optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of the diffuser area ratio on energy output, quantified by the power coefficient (Cp).
  • To determine the optimal area ratio for maximizing diffuser energy yield.
  • To analyze the relationship between area ratio, resulting wind velocity, and aerodynamic phenomena like wind separation.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic variation of diffuser area ratios from 1.25 to 3.5, following the NACA 1244 aerofoil profile.
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations using ANSYS CFD Academic for standalone diffusers.
  • Testing across a range of incident wind velocities from 1 m/s to 16 m/s.

Main Results:

  • An area ratio of 1.5 (outlet/inlet: 0.75m/0.50m) yielded the highest power coefficient (Cp) of 4.2.
  • The optimal area ratio of 1.5 resulted in the highest achieved velocity of 25.8 m/s for an incident velocity of 16 m/s.
  • Significant wind separation was observed within diffusers from an area ratio of 1.75 onwards, negatively impacting performance.
  • Simulations showed velocity increases of 120-156% across the tested incident velocity range.

Conclusions:

  • The diffuser area ratio is a critical parameter for optimizing energy output.
  • An area ratio of 1.5 is identified as optimal for maximizing power coefficient and wind velocity augmentation.
  • Diffuser designs must account for potential wind separation at higher area ratios to maintain efficiency.