Comparison between the GastroPanel test and the serum pepsinogen assay interpreted with the ABC method-A prospective...

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Infectious Diseases
• Oncology

Background:

• Accurate detection of Helicobacter pylori infection is crucial for preventing gastric cancer.
• Pepsinogen (PG) assays, including serological tests, are used to assess gastric mucosal status and identify individuals at risk for gastric neoplasms.
• Validation of these diagnostic tools is essential for clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

• To validate the diagnostic performance of serological Helicobacter pylori and pepsinogen assays for infection detection.
• To assess the utility of these assays in identifying individuals at risk for gastric neoplasms.
• To compare the accuracy of the Chorus assay and the GastroPanel test.

Main Methods:

• Serum samples from individuals tested with Chorus H. pylori and HBI PG assays were analyzed.
• The GastroPanel test was performed on the same blood samples.
• HBI assay results were interpreted using the ABC method, defining corpus atrophy and advanced corpus atrophy based on PG I and PG I/II levels.

Main Results:

• The Chorus test exhibited higher accuracy (AUC 0.993) compared to the GastroPanel test (AUC 0.972).
• Gastric neoplasm incidence was highest in individuals with corpus atrophy (50% via GastroSoft) and in Groups C and D (23.8% via ABC method).
• GastroSoft application's corpus atrophy interpretation showed excellent agreement with advanced corpus atrophy by the ABC method (k=0.854).

Conclusions:

• Both Chorus and GastroPanel assays effectively identify high-risk individuals for gastric neoplasms by detecting atrophy or H. pylori infection.
• The Chorus assay is more accurate than the GastroPanel test for H. pylori serology.
• Corpus atrophy identified by the GastroSoft application aligns well with advanced corpus atrophy identified by the ABC method.