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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Tissue Regeneration and Disease Modeling with Dental Pulp Stem Cells
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Stem cells in regenerative dentistry: Current understanding and future directions.

Pooja Shah1, Marziyeh Aghazadeh1, Sheeja Rajasingh1

  • 1Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.

Journal of Oral Biosciences
|February 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise for regenerating oral tissues like pulp-dentin and bone. While animal studies are encouraging, clinical applications require standardized protocols for safety and efficacy in regenerative dentistry.

Keywords:
Cell therapyDental pulpDentinMesenchymal stem cellsRegenerative dentistry

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Regenerative dentistry utilizes cell and gene therapies to restore oral tissue structure and function.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show significant potential in regenerative dentistry, with some therapies advancing to clinical trials.
  • This review synthesizes animal studies on MSCs for therapeutic applications, addressing the transition from preclinical research to clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review animal studies on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regenerative dentistry applications.
  • To analyze protocols and outcomes for pulp-dentin, alveolar bone, and periodontal regeneration.
  • To identify challenges and translational aspects for clinical implementation of MSC therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of animal studies involving MSCs in regenerative dentistry.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on pulp-dentin, alveolar bone, and periodontal regeneration.
  • Examination of various MSC types (dental-derived, bone marrow, umbilical cord) and their applications.

Main Results:

  • MSCs have demonstrated effectiveness in hard tissue reconstruction, pulp regeneration, root elongation, and periodontal tissue formation.
  • Applications include root canal treatments, periodontal defect repair, socket preservation, and sinus lifts.
  • Successful regeneration of dental and periodontal tissues has been observed in various preclinical models.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-based therapies for tooth and periodontium regeneration are still in early developmental stages.
  • Standardized protocols adhering to good manufacturing practices are crucial for reproducibility, safety, and cost-efficiency.
  • Cell therapy in regenerative dentistry offers significant benefits but faces challenges in achieving sustainable, long-term oral tissue regeneration.