[Research progress on development and utilization of minor ginsenosides]

Area of Science:

• Natural Product Chemistry
• Synthetic Biology
• Pharmacology

Context:

• Minor ginsenosides are processed saponins derived from Panax plants, known for their bioavailability and bioactivity.
• Traditional extraction methods yield low concentrations, driving interest in biotechnological production.

Purpose:

• To comprehensively review minor ginsenosides, covering structural types, pharmacological activities, and acquisition methods.
• To identify current challenges in minor ginsenoside preparation and industrialization.
• To discuss future research directions and utilization prospects.

Summary:

• This study synthesizes global literature on minor ginsenosides, including their structures, immune-enhancing and antitumor properties.
• It explores transformation pathways and the potential of synthetic biology for producing these valuable compounds.
• The review highlights limitations in current industrial analysis and preparation methods.

Impact:

• Provides a theoretical foundation for advancing basic research on minor ginsenosides.
• Aims to facilitate the industrialization and broader application of minor ginsenosides.
• Offers insights into optimizing production and understanding the full therapeutic potential of minor ginsenosides.