Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

Target Cell Response to Hormones

3.0K
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
3.0K
Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

9.4K
Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
9.4K
Enzymes02:34

Enzymes

81.5K
Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
81.5K
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

2.4K
Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
2.4K
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions01:23

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions

139
Drug interactions are a critical aspect of pharmacology and can occur when two or more drugs compete for the same binding site. This competition can result in one drug displacing another, altering the effect of the displaced drug. Drug interactions are complex processes that rely heavily on how much of the displacer drug is present and how strongly it can bind to the same sites as the displaced drug.
Displacement interactions can have varying outcomes, ranging from toxicity to virtually...
139
Drug-Receptor Interactions01:29

Drug-Receptor Interactions

5.2K
Drug-receptor interaction describes the binding of receptors by drugs, but not all drug-receptor interactions result in activation and tissue response. For instance, the binding of agonists activates the receptor to generate a cellular reaction, while antagonists bind to receptors without causing their activation.
Several parameters, such as the drug's affinity for its receptor and its efficacy, which is its ability to activate the receptor, determine the drug's effect on the tissue....
5.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Surface-Programmable Carbon Dots Dispersed in a Hydrophobic Polymer Film for In Situ Dynamic Sensing of Volatile Fatty Acids.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Wireless Wearable MOF-Based NH<sub>3</sub> Gas Sensor Patch with a Zeolite Overlayer for Suppressing NO<sub>2</sub> Interference.

ACS sensors·2026
Same author

Wearable Multimodal Sensing System for Synchronously Health-Environmental Monitoring via Hybrid Neuroevolutionary Signal Decoupling.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Metal-Organic Framework-Derived "Ship-in-Bottle" Method: Heterogeneous Yolk@Shell Metal Oxides for Heterogeneous Sensing.

ACS nano·2025
Same author

Carbon Dots-Modified Hollow Mesoporous Photonic Crystal Materials for Sensitivity- and Selectivity-Enhanced Sensing of Chloroform Vapor.

Nano-micro letters·2024
Same author

Bi<sub>2</sub>Sn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Overlayer Assists Bilayer Chemiresistor in Humidity-Independent and Highly Selective Detection of Expiratory Acetone.

ACS sensors·2024
Same journal

Regiocontrollable [2 + 2] benzannulation of γ,δ-C(sp3)-H bonds with dihaloarenes using palladium catalysis.

Nature synthesis·2026
Same journal

Breaking the 'rule-of-five' to access bridged bicyclic heteroaromatic bioisosteres.

Nature synthesis·2026
Same journal

Electrochemical oxidation enables aromatic C-H amination with dual mechanisms.

Nature synthesis·2026
Same journal

Mechanically interlocked monolayer and bilayer two-dimensional polymers with high elastic modulus.

Nature synthesis·2026
Same journal

Oxygen migration into carbon-carbon single bonds by photochemical oxidation.

Nature synthesis·2026
Same journal

Reductive radical chain initiation through the thermal generation of carbon dioxide radical anion.

Nature synthesis·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor&#x2022;Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding
11:07

Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor•Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding

Published on: September 21, 2011

16.5K

Enzymes on Steroids.

Liupeng Zhao1, Zhiyu Bo1, Yang Yang1,2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

Nature Synthesis
|February 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists developed a novel chemoenzymatic method using engineered P450 hydroxylases to efficiently assemble and functionalize biologically active steroids, overcoming a major synthetic challenge.

More Related Videos

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
10:51

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Published on: November 15, 2013

12.8K
Primary Culture of Rat Adrenocortical Cells and Assays of Steroidogenic Functions
04:33

Primary Culture of Rat Adrenocortical Cells and Assays of Steroidogenic Functions

Published on: March 12, 2019

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor&#x2022;Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding
11:07

Biochemical Reconstitution of Steroid Receptor•Hsp90 Protein Complexes and Reactivation of Ligand Binding

Published on: September 21, 2011

16.5K
Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
10:51

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Published on: November 15, 2013

12.8K
Primary Culture of Rat Adrenocortical Cells and Assays of Steroidogenic Functions
04:33

Primary Culture of Rat Adrenocortical Cells and Assays of Steroidogenic Functions

Published on: March 12, 2019

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Steroid synthesis is complex and challenging.
  • Selective functionalization of steroids is a key hurdle in drug discovery and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient and selective method for steroid assembly and functionalization.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional synthetic approaches for complex steroids.

Main Methods:

  • Mining and engineering of selective P450 C-H hydroxylases.
  • Integration of engineered enzymes into chemoenzymatic synthesis pathways.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated efficient assembly of biologically active steroids.
  • Achieved selective functionalization of steroid scaffolds.
  • Established a novel chemoenzymatic route for steroid synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered P450 hydroxylases offer a powerful solution for steroid synthesis.
  • Chemoenzymatic approaches provide a versatile platform for accessing complex steroid structures.
  • This work advances the field of steroid chemistry and drug discovery.