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A First Case of Acute Flaccid Myelitis Related to Enterovirus D68 in Belgium: Case Report

Marine Rodesch1, Claudine Sculier2, Valentina Lolli3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.

Case Reports in Neurology
|February 26, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This case study details the first Belgian patient with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) caused by enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). Early diagnosis and management are crucial for this challenging neurological condition in children.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a rare but serious neurological condition.
  • Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is an emerging cause of AFM.
  • Belgium reports its first case of AFM linked to EV-D68.

Observation:

  • A 4-year-old girl presented with torticollis and acute right upper limb palsy.
  • MRI revealed cervical cord gray matter and brainstem involvement.
  • PCR confirmed EV-D68 infection from a nasopharyngeal swab.

Findings:

  • The patient met the CDC criteria for AFM, including acute onset, flaccid weakness, and characteristic MRI findings.
  • EV-D68 was identified as the causative agent.
  • The case highlights diagnostic challenges and the need for prompt evaluation.

Implications:

  • AFM requires prompt recognition and differentiation from other causes of acute flaccid palsy.
  • Further research is needed for effective treatments and management guidelines.
  • Pediatricians must be vigilant for this emerging pathology.
Keywords:
Acute flaccid palsyCase reportEnterovirusMotor deficitSpinal cord

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