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Biofilm formation by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius on titanium implants.

Camilla Malcher Pesset1, Carolina O da Fonseca1, Milena Antunes1

  • 1Laboratory of Gram-Positive Cocci, Biomedical Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil.

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Veterinary orthopedic implants made of titanium are susceptible to biofilm formation by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. This bacterial adhesion can lead to implant-related infections, posing risks for animal patients and increasing healthcare costs.

Keywords:
Biofilm formationStaphylococcus pseudintermediusimplant-related infectionsmedical devicesorthopaedic material

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Microbiology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Osteomyelitis in domestic animals frequently involves Staphylococcus species.
  • Implant-related infections are often caused by biofilm-forming bacteria, highlighting the need for careful biomaterial selection.
  • Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a common pathogen in veterinary infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess biofilm formation by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius on titanium nuts used in veterinary orthopaedic surgery.
  • To evaluate the susceptibility of orthopaedic titanium alloys to bacterial adhesion and biofilm development.

Main Methods:

  • Biofilm quantification using safranin staining and spectrophotometry.
  • Bacterial counts determined by colony-forming units (CFU).
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for biofilm morphology assessment and whole genome sequencing for genetic analysis.

Main Results:

  • All tested samples showed bacterial colonization (CFU counts).
  • Seven of eight samples exhibited absorbance values indicative of biofilm formation.
  • SEM revealed robust bacterial colonization and extracellular polymeric substance production on titanium surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Staphylococcus pseudintermedius readily forms biofilms on veterinary orthopaedic titanium implants.
  • The susceptibility of titanium alloys to biofilm formation raises concerns for post-surgical complications.
  • Further research into preventative strategies against biofilm formation on veterinary implants is warranted.