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Updates on the role of epigenetics in familial mediterranean fever (FMF)

Ahlam Chaaban1, Zeina Salman1, Louna Karam1

  • 1Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon.

Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
|February 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disease influenced by genetics and environment. Epigenetic factors like DNA methylation significantly impact FMF

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Epigenetics
  • Autoinflammatory Diseases
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disorder.
  • FMF is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene, primarily affecting Mediterranean populations.
  • Clinical variability in FMF is linked to MEFV gene variations and other genetic modifiers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest research on the role of epigenetics in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).
  • To understand how environmental factors and epigenetic mechanisms influence FMF.
  • To highlight the importance of epigenetics in FMF pathogenesis and clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on FMF and epigenetics.
  • Analysis of epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs in FMF.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on genetic and environmental contributions to FMF.

Main Results:

  • Environmental factors significantly contribute to FMF development and manifestation via epigenetic pathways.
  • Epigenetic events are key determinants in FMF pathophysiology.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms shape the clinical picture and prognosis of FMF.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic factors play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of FMF.
  • Understanding epigenetic contributions is essential for improving FMF prognosis.
  • Targeted epigenetic therapies may offer new treatment avenues for FMF.
Keywords:
DNA methylationEpigeneticsFamilial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)Histone modificationmiRNA

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