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Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Evidence for EpCAM and Cytokeratin Expressing Epithelial Cells in Normal Human and Murine Blood and Bone Marrow
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Epithelial recognition and elimination against aberrant cells.

Shiyu Ayukawa1,2, Nagisa Kamoshita3,4, Takeshi Maruyama5,6,7

  • 1Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.

Seminars in Immunopathology
|February 27, 2024
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Summary

Epithelial cells act like immune cells, identifying and eliminating aberrant cells via Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC-I) surveillance. This discovery offers novel therapeutic strategies for cancer prevention.

Keywords:
Anti-carcinogenesisEpithelial surveillanceImmune cell-like functionMHC-I

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Epithelial cells form physical barriers and possess immune-like surveillance capabilities.
  • They identify and eliminate aberrant neighboring cells, functioning as a primary defense.
  • This mechanism involves recognizing Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC-I) on aberrant cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epithelial cell recognition and attack mechanisms against aberrant cells in mammals.
  • To focus on cancer as a primary area of investigation.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic applications of epithelial cell-based cancer defense.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mammalian epithelial cell defense mechanisms.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involved in aberrant cell recognition.
  • Exploration of cancer research and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Epithelial cells exhibit immune-like functions, including MHC-I surveillance.
  • This cellular defense is potentially faster than conventional immune responses.
  • Epithelial cell-based mechanisms offer a novel primary biological defense.

Conclusions:

  • Epithelial cells possess intrinsic surveillance and elimination capabilities against aberrant cells.
  • This immune-like function presents a novel biological defense system.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting epithelial cell defenses hold promise for cancer prevention and treatment.