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Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Syphilis Coinfection in People With HIV/AIDS Contracted

Rongrong Yang1,2, Rui Yuan1, Xien Gui1,2

  • 1Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
|February 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis coinfections are high in people with HIV/AIDS, with HCV linked to blood or sexual transmission. Men who have sex with men show higher chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection rates.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis coinfections pose a significant health burden on people living with HIV/AIDS.
  • Hubei province, China, exhibits unique epidemiological characteristics regarding HIV/AIDS transmission routes and epidemic patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the prevalence of HBV, HCV, or syphilis coinfections among people living with HIV/AIDS.
  • To analyze coinfection rates across different HIV transmission groups: blood-borne (former paid blood donors, contaminated blood recipients, intravenous drug users), sex-borne (heterosexuals, men who have sex with men), and mother-to-child.

Main Methods:

  • A decade-long study (2010-2020) involving 6623 people living with HIV/AIDS in Hubei province.
  • Testing for HBsAg, HCV antibodies, syphilis antibodies, HBV markers, HBV DNA, and HCV RNA.
  • Categorization of participants based on HIV transmission routes: blood-borne, sex-borne, and mother-to-child, with further sub-categorization within blood-borne and sex-borne groups.

Main Results:

  • Chronic HCV infection was highest in former paid blood donors (80.3%), followed by intravenous drug users (73.3%) and contaminated blood recipients (57.1%).
  • Chronic HBV infection rates were higher in men who have sex with men (12.6%) compared to heterosexual individuals (10.4%).
  • Syphilis, including neurosyphilis (7.8%), was prevalent in individuals with sex-borne HIV transmission but absent in those with blood-borne transmission.

Conclusions:

  • HCV transmission intensity correlates with blood or sexual exposure routes in people living with HIV/AIDS.
  • Men who have sex with men exhibit the highest chronic HBV infection rates within the studied population.
  • High rates of neurosyphilis necessitate targeted interventions for people with HIV/AIDS who contract HIV through sexual intercourse.
Abstract

Keywords:
AIDSHBVHCVHIVacquired immunodeficiency syndromehepatitis B virushepatitis C virushuman immunodeficiency virussyphilis

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