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[Retardation problems within the scope of prematurity].

W Krause, W Michels, U Wagner

    Geburtshilfe Und Frauenheilkunde
    |December 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Small for gestational age (SGA) infants experienced higher rates of fetal distress and C-sections but showed better postnatal adaptation and lower mortality than premature infants. Despite higher acidosis, SGA infants adapted better post-birth.

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    Area of Science:

    • Perinatology
    • Neonatology
    • Obstetrics

    Context:

    • Study of 804 infants with low birth weight (<2500g) born between 1978-1981.
    • One-third of low birth weight infants were small for gestational age (SGA).
    • Comparison between SGA infants and premature infants appropriate for gestational age.

    Purpose:

    • To compare prenatal, intranatal, and postnatal outcomes of SGA infants versus premature infants.
    • To investigate the impact of fetal distress and placental insufficiency on delivery methods.
    • To analyze neonatal adaptation and mortality rates in relation to gestational age and birth weight.

    Summary:

    • SGA infants exhibited higher rates of severe fetal distress and obstetrical interventions, including C-sections (24.7% vs 15.2%).
    • Premature SGA infants had the highest C-section incidence (30.3%).
    • Postnatally, SGA infants showed significantly better adaptation, with lower rates of asphyxia (APGAR ≤7) and reduced neonatal/late mortality, despite higher acidosis.

    Impact:

    • Findings highlight the complex clinical behavior of SGA infants, necessitating specialized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
    • Suggests potential benefits of longer gestation in SGA infants, contributing to better outcomes.
    • Emphasizes the need for tailored management strategies for infants based on gestational age and growth parameters.

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