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Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt
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Volcano generated tsunami recorded in the near source.

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|February 27, 2024
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Volcanic sector collapse can generate deadly tsunamis. Near Stromboli volcano, small tsunamis from pyroclastic density currents were recorded, showing consistent waveforms despite varying landslide dynamics, informing new warning strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Volcanology
  • Tsunami Science

Background:

  • Volcano sector collapses and pyroclastic density currents pose significant tsunami risks to coastal populations.
  • Volcanic tsunamis are poorly understood due to a lack of instrumental records.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze instrumental records of small tsunamis generated by pyroclastic density currents at Stromboli volcano.
  • To investigate the relationship between landslide dynamics and tsunami waveform characteristics.
  • To inform the development of novel warning strategies for volcanic tsunamis.

Main Methods:

  • Recording of small tsunamis (≤1 m) using near-source instrumentation (<1.6 km).
  • Analysis of tsunami waveforms in relation to variations in landslide volume and dynamics.
  • Comparison of recorded data with simulated wave propagation and inundation.

Main Results:

  • Tsunami waveforms remained consistent despite two orders of variability in landslide volume and dynamics.
  • Near-source tsunami generation by pyroclastic density currents was documented.
  • The study provides unprecedented data on volcanic tsunami characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Volcanic tsunami waveform is robust to variations in landslide parameters.
  • Unconventional warning strategies are needed for imminent volcanic tsunami threats.
  • Improved understanding of volcanic tsunami sources is crucial for hazard mitigation.