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Utilizing Eye Tracking to Assess Medical Student Non-Technical Performance During Scenario-Based Simulation: Results

Nicholas E Anton1,2, Jackie S Cha3, Edward Hernandez1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.

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Eye tracking (ET) metrics may objectively assess non-technical skills (NTS) in surgery. Preliminary findings suggest visual attention patterns correlate with NTS performance, offering potential for improved surgical training and patient safety.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Simulation
  • Human Factors Engineering

Background:

  • Non-technical skills (NTS) are critical for surgical patient safety.
  • Observer-based NTS assessments can be subjective and prone to bias.
  • Eye tracking (ET) offers a potential objective method for evaluating NTS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between eye tracking (ET) metrics and non-technical skills (NTS) performance in a simulated surgical environment.

Main Methods:

  • Participants used a mobile eye tracking system during simulated patient care scenarios.
  • Non-technical skills for Surgeons (NOTSS) scale assessed NTS by trained raters.
  • ET metrics, including fixation and visit durations on specific areas, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Increased time spent looking at the patient correlated negatively with communication and leadership skills.
  • Extended focus on the patient's intravenous access was linked to poorer decision-making and situation awareness.

Conclusions:

  • Preliminary data indicates visual attention patterns are associated with NTS performance.
  • Eye tracking may provide objective data on cognitive load and comprehension during patient management.
  • ET presents a promising tool for objective NTS evaluation and feedback in surgical education.