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How do migration decisions and drivers differ against extreme environmental events?

Bishawjit Mallick1, Kelsea Best2, Amanda Carrico3

  • 1Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Environmental Hazards (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|February 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental events drive migration, but decisions vary by event type and severity. Socioeconomic factors significantly influence migration intentions, informing tailored adaptation strategies for climate change impacts.

Keywords:
BangladeshMigration decisionsadaptation planningenvironmental events

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Sociology
  • Climate change adaptation

Background:

  • Migration is a key livelihood strategy for coping with environmental change.
  • Limited understanding exists on how migration decisions are affected by the specific characteristics of environmental events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the type, severity, and frequency of environmental events influence migration decisions.
  • To explore the role of socioeconomic factors in shaping these migration patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Household surveys were conducted with 200 households in southwestern Bangladesh.
  • A multinomial regression model was used to analyze future migration intentions.
  • The study considered both rapid-onset (cyclones, floods) and slow-onset (salinity, siltation, erosion) environmental phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Past disaster experience and community conflict increase migration intentions, particularly with slow-onset salinity issues.
  • Economic stability and self-efficacy promote non-migration decisions across all event types.
  • Demographic factors like education, religion, and age modify the influence of environmental events on migration.

Conclusions:

  • Migration decisions in response to environmental events are complex and mediated by socioeconomic conditions.
  • Adaptation planning must consider the specific types and exposures of environmental events.
  • Tailored strategies are crucial for addressing climate change-induced migration.