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Peroneal Nerve Palsy After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Øystein Høvik1, Kjersti Kaul Jenssen1, Einar Amlie1
1The Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Arthroplasty Today
|February 28, 2024
Summary
Common peroneal nerve palsy (CPNP) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) occurs in 0.32% of cases. Risk factors include epidural anesthesia and excessive valgus, with most patients experiencing recovery.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Neurology
- Patient Outcomes
Background:
- Common peroneal nerve palsy (CPNP) is a rare but potentially debilitating complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
- CPNP can significantly impair patient function and lead to persistent pain.
- Identifying risk factors and understanding outcomes are crucial for managing this complication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and outcomes of CPNP after TKA.
- To identify potential risk factors associated with CPNP development.
- To analyze the recovery patterns of patients with CPNP.
Main Methods:
- A single-center study analyzed data from 7704 TKAs performed between 2002 and 2022.
- Patients with CPNP were identified from a prospectively collected quality registry.
- Risk factors were compared between patients with and without CPNP, and outcomes were assessed through medical record review and radiographic analysis.
Main Results:
- The incidence of CPNP following TKA was 0.32% (25 cases).
- Significant risk factors identified were postoperative epidural anesthesia, preoperative excessive valgus, and female sex.
- Complete recovery was observed in two-thirds of complete palsies and four-fifths of partial palsies.
Conclusions:
- CPNP after TKA is infrequent, with an incidence of 0.32%.
- Epidural anesthesia, excessive preoperative valgus, and female sex are identified as key risk factors.
- The majority of patients achieve good recovery, with partial palsies demonstrating better outcomes than complete palsies.
