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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

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Published on: July 28, 2022

Does Early Fortification of Human Milk Decrease Time to Regain Birth Weight as Compared to Late Fortification Among

Gaurav Gupta¹, A Murugesan¹, S Thanigainathan¹

¹Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

|February 28, 2024

Summary

Early fortification of human milk helps preterm infants regain birth weight faster. This method is safe and well-tolerated, showing improved growth without increased complications.

Keywords:

Extra uterine growth Fortification Human milk fortifier Necrotizing enterocolitis Newborn

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Individualized Reconstitution of Human Milk Microbiota: A Feasible Approach in Real-World Settings

Individualized Reconstitution of Human Milk Microbiota: A Feasible Approach in Real-World Settings

Published on: February 7, 2025

Area of Science:

Neonatal nutrition
Pediatric gastroenterology

Background:

Preterm infants require specialized nutritional support to achieve optimal growth and development.
Timely fortification of human milk is crucial for meeting the high nutrient demands of premature neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the duration for preterm infants to regain birth weight when receiving early versus late fortification of human milk.
To assess the safety and efficacy of early fortification in preterm neonates.

Main Methods:

A randomized controlled trial involving 120 preterm infants (≤32 weeks gestation) was conducted.
Early fortification started at 30 ml/kg/d enteral feeds, while late fortification began at 80 ml/kg/d.
Anthropometric measurements and clinical outcomes (sepsis, feed intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis) were monitored.

Main Results:

Preterm infants in the early fortification group regained birth weight significantly earlier (10.13 ± 2.90 days) than the late fortification group (11.26 ± 3.06 days).
Early fortification demonstrated improved weight gain velocity, linear growth, and head circumference increase.
No increased risk of sepsis, feed intolerance, or necrotizing enterocolitis was observed with early fortification.

Conclusions:

Initiating standard fortification with human milk fortifier at 30 ml/kg/d promotes earlier regain of birth weight in preterm neonates.
Early human milk fortification is a safe and well-tolerated nutritional strategy for preterm infants.