Exosome proteomes reveal glycolysis-related enzyme enrichment in primary canine mammary gland tumor compared to metastases

Hui-Su Kim ^1,2, Je-Yoel Cho ^3,4

⁰Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro1, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.

Proteome Science +

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February 28, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Exosomes from primary canine tumors show higher levels of glycolysis enzymes compared to metastatic tumors. This difference in exosomal protein content was also observed in human colorectal cancer, highlighting tumor heterogeneity.

Area Of Science

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background

Primary tumors and metastases exhibit distinct biological characteristics.
Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication and shaping the tumor microenvironment.
The specific protein cargo of exosomes from primary versus metastatic tumors is not well understood.

Purpose Of The Study

To identify differentially expressed exosomal proteins between primary canine mammary gland tumors and their metastases.
To investigate how these exosomal proteins influence the tumor microenvironment.
To compare exosomal protein profiles between canine and human cancer models.

Main Methods

Proteomic analysis of exosomes from primary canine mammary gland tumors (CHMp) and metastases (CHMm) using LC-MS/MS.
Western blotting to validate the abundance of specific glycolysis enzymes (GPI, LDHA).
Comparative analysis with exosomes derived from human colorectal cancer cell lines (SW480 vs. SW620).

Main Results

Significant differences in protein content were found between CHMp and CHMm exosomes (87 and 65 proteins, respectively).
Glycolysis enzymes (GPI, LDHA, LDHB, TPI1, ALDOA) were notably enriched in exosomes from primary tumors.
This enrichment pattern of glycolysis enzymes in primary tumor-derived exosomes was conserved in human colorectal cancer exosomes.

Conclusions

Exosomes exhibit proteomic heterogeneity mirroring the differences between primary tumors and metastases.
Primary tumor-derived exosomes are specifically enriched with glycolysis enzymes compared to metastatic exosomes.
This finding provides insights into tumor microenvironment modulation and the heterogeneity of cancer progression.

Keywords:

Cancer Exosome Metastases Primary tumor Proteomics

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