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Obstructive sleep apnoea in obesity: A review
Jian E Tai1,2, Craig L Phillips1,2, Brendon J Yee1,2,3,4
1CIRUS Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Clinical Obesity
|February 29, 2024
Summary
Obesity commonly causes obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), leading to daytime sleepiness and reduced quality of life. Incretin-based therapies show promise for weight loss and treating OSA symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Endocrinology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Obesity is a significant risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
- OSA negatively impacts quality of life, productivity, and safety due to excessive daytime sleepiness.
- Current OSA treatments include continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and weight loss, but adherence and sustainability can be challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of incretin-based pharmacotherapies in managing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in individuals with obesity.
- To evaluate the potential of these therapies in promoting sustainable weight loss and alleviating OSA symptoms and comorbidities.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on obesity, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and incretin-based pharmacotherapies.
- Analysis of the mechanisms by which weight gain influences upper airway collapsibility in OSA.
- Examination of the efficacy of incretin-based pharmacotherapies in weight management and their potential impact on OSA.
Main Results:
- Weight gain exacerbates upper airway collapsibility, a key factor in OSA pathogenesis.
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a primary OSA treatment, but patient tolerance is often poor.
- Sustainable weight loss is crucial for OSA management, frequently requiring interventions like bariatric surgery.
Conclusions:
- Incretin-based pharmacotherapies offer a novel and promising approach for achieving long-term weight loss in individuals with obesity.
- These therapies may also directly benefit obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by addressing underlying weight-related factors.
- Further research into incretin-based pharmacotherapies could lead to improved treatment strategies for OSA and its associated health burdens.
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