Technologies for depth scanning in miniature optical imaging systems [Invited].

Area of Science:

• Biomedical optical imaging
• Microscopy and micro-optics

Background:

• Biomedical optical imaging is vital for clinical and research applications.
• Achieving 3D imaging, especially in miniature devices, faces significant depth scanning challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review state-of-the-art depth scanning technologies for miniature biomedical optical imaging systems.
• To focus on optical focus-changing methods, particularly tunable microlenses.

Main Methods:

• Review of two primary depth scanning approaches: physical shifting and optical focus change.
• Detailed examination of tunable microlenses, including physics, actuation, and performance.
• Brief presentation of applications in clinical and neuroscience research.

Main Results:

• Identified tunable microlenses as a key technology for optical depth scanning.
• Discussed underlying physics, actuation mechanisms, and imaging performance of various microlenses.
• Highlighted representative applications and discussed challenges and future perspectives.

Conclusions:

• Tunable microlenses offer a promising approach for depth scanning in miniature optical imaging.
• Further development is needed to overcome current challenges in depth/focus scanning technologies.
• Advancements will enhance 3D imaging capabilities in biomedical research and clinical settings.