Sensory Strabismus; A Literature Review

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatric Ophthalmology
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Persistent visual deprivation, especially in childhood, impairs sensory fusion, leading to sensory strabismus.
• Various conditions like severe anisometropia, congenital cataracts, and optic nerve anomalies can cause visual impairment and subsequent strabismus.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the etiologies and pathologies associated with sensory strabismus.
• To investigate factors influencing the direction of sensory strabismus.
• To explore management strategies for sensory strabismus.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on visual deprivation and strabismus.
• Analysis of pathologies causing visual impairment leading to sensory strabismus.
• Examination of surgical and non-surgical management approaches.

Main Results:

• Sensory strabismus can manifest as horizontal, vertical, or combined deviations, with horizontal being most common.
• Early identification and management of the root cause of visual impairment are critical before addressing the strabismus itself.
• Surgical correction of ocular misalignment is the primary treatment for sensory strabismus, improving symptoms and psychosocial well-being.

Conclusions:

• Sensory strabismus is a consequence of visual deprivation, necessitating prompt intervention.
• Understanding the underlying pathologies and directional factors is key to effective management.
• Surgical treatment offers significant benefits for patients with sensory strabismus.