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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition
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Competition between emotional faces in visuospatial working memory.

Marlene Poncet1, Sara Spotorno1, Margaret C Jackson1

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|February 29, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visuospatial working memory (VSWM) benefits from happy faces, but emotional competition is complex. Social value, not just arousal or valence, influences face monitoring in VSWM.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Visuospatial working memory (VSWM) is crucial for social interactions, aiding in tracking individuals' locations.
  • Previous research indicated enhanced VSWM for happy over angry faces, suggesting a prosocial bias.
  • Social environments often contain diverse emotional expressions, potentially creating competition for attentional resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how heterogeneous emotional expressions in encoding displays affect face monitoring within VSWM.
  • To determine if emotional competition in VSWM relies on simple valence/arousal mechanisms or more complex factors.
  • To propose a social value (SV) account for emotional prioritization in VSWM.

Main Methods:

  • Participants relocated a neutral probe face after viewing heterogeneous emotional face displays.
  • Encoding displays featured two faces with one emotion and two with another.
  • Emotional competition effects were analyzed independently of encoding fixation, arousal, similarity, or response bias.

Main Results:

  • A general benefit for happy faces in VSWM was replicated.
  • Accuracy was significantly modulated by the non-probed emotion, showing specific benefits (e.g., angry over sad).
  • These modulations were independent of stimulus arousal, perceptual similarity, or response bias.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional competition for faces in VSWM is intricate, exceeding simple arousal or valence biases.
  • A proposed "social value (SV)" account offers a better framework for understanding emotional prioritization in VSWM.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay between emotion and memory in social cognition.