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Related Concept Videos

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Pan-myeloid Differentiation of Human Cord Blood Derived CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
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CD38 promotes hematopoietic stem cell dormancy.

Liliia Ibneeva1, Sumeet Pal Singh2, Anupam Sinha1

  • 1Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Plos Biology
|February 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists identified CD38 as a marker for dormant hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). A pathway involving CD38, cADPR, Ca2+, c-Fos, and p57Kip2 maintains HSC dormancy, offering potential therapeutic targets.

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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors
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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Dormant hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are crucial for lifelong blood production but mechanisms maintaining their quiescence are unclear.
  • Excessive HSC dormancy can impair responses to stress, while insufficient dormancy leads to exhaustion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel markers and molecular mechanisms regulating dormant HSCs.
  • To elucidate the role of CD38 in maintaining HSC dormancy.

Main Methods:

  • Enrichment of murine dormant HSCs using CD38 as a surface marker.
  • Investigated the role of cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) and calcium (Ca2+) release.
  • Analyzed the expression of transcription factor c-Fos and cell cycle inhibitor p57Kip2.

Main Results:

  • CD38 was identified as a marker for enriching dormant HSCs.
  • The CD38/cADPR pathway regulates c-Fos expression via Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
  • c-Fos induces p57Kip2, driving HSC dormancy; CD38 activity on neighboring cells also promotes human HSC quiescence.

Conclusions:

  • The CD38/cADPR/Ca2+/c-Fos/p57Kip2 axis is a key regulator of HSC dormancy.
  • Targeting this pathway may offer new strategies for stem cell transplantation and blood regeneration.