The effect of climate change on agricultural production in Iran

The issue of climate change caused by global warming has become a major concern and challenge around the world, requiring comprehensive countermeasures. Agriculture is the most affected part of climate change and Iran's agriculture economy is at risk because of hot and dry and damages due global climate changes. This study investigates the effects of climatic variables temperature, such as precipitation, carbon and dioxide emission on total crop production in Iran from 1971 to 2020 using a fully modified conventional least squares econometric model (FMOLS). Chemical fertilizer and crop area variables, as well as fixed capital in agricultural have machinery, also been used as indicators of technology. The results showed that all variables had a significant effect on production. The average annual temperature and total annual rainfall its had an inverse U-shaped relationship with production, and were significant. Fertilizer and crop area variables had a positive effect, while CO2 had a negative relationship on total crop production in Iran. The findings of this study can be used to provide strategic plans for policymakers in the face of climate change. It is suggested that the government invest more in the mechanization of the agricultural sector and provide facilities and credits with priority given to farmers' education and the use of temperature-resistant varieties, and also act regionally against climate change.