Screening Breast MRI and Gadolinium Deposition: Cause for Concern?

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been used worldwide for over 30 years and have enabled lifesaving diagnoses. Contrast-enhanced breast MRI is frequently used as supplemental screening for women with an elevated lifetime risk of breast cancer. Data have emerged that indicate a fractional amount of administered gadolinium is retained in the bone, skin, solid organs, and brain tissues of patients with normal renal function, although there are currently no reliable data regarding the clinical or biological significance of this retention. Linear GBCAs are associated with a higher risk of gadolinium retention than macrocyclic agents. Over the course of their lives, screened women may receive high cumulative doses of GBCA. Therefore, as breast MRI screening utilization increases, thoughtful use of GBCA is indicated in this patient population.