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Upper limb functional testing in athletes: A Delphi study.

Camille Tooth1,2, Cédric Schwartz1, Cools Ann3

  • 1LAM-Motion Lab-Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Shoulder & Elbow
|March 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional testing for athletes is popular for injury prevention and performance enhancement. Experts reached consensus on test usefulness and characteristics, but interpretation remains unclear for some upper-limb functional tests.

Keywords:
Shoulderfunctional testingsport

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Athletic Training
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Functional testing is increasingly utilized for athlete assessment in injury prevention and performance optimization.
  • The precise relationship between functional test outcomes and actual athletic performance or injury incidence requires further clarification.
  • Interpretation guidelines for many upper-limb functional tests lack standardization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility, characteristics, and interpretation of commonly employed upper-limb functional tests.
  • To establish a consensus among experts regarding the application of these tests in sports settings.

Main Methods:

  • A panel of 22 sports medicine and athletic training experts with over 5 years of experience was convened.
  • Experts participated in multiple rounds of structured online questionnaires to achieve consensus.
  • Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected on the selected functional tests.

Main Results:

  • Consensus was achieved on the usefulness and characteristics of most upper-limb functional tests after four rounds.
  • Experts proposed and agreed upon several sports-specific functional test batteries.
  • A consensus on the interpretation of functional test results was only reached for approximately half of the evaluated tests.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides a summary of the characteristics and utility of prevalent upper-limb functional tests.
  • Further research is necessary to develop clear interpretation guidelines for functional tests where expert consensus was not achieved.
  • Standardized interpretation of functional tests is crucial for reliable athlete assessment.