Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

151
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
151
Vision01:24

Vision

53.3K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
53.3K
Visual System01:26

Visual System

581
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
581
Reflection of Waves01:07

Reflection of Waves

3.7K
When a wave travels from one medium to another, it gets reflected at the boundary of the second medium. A common example of this is when a person yells at a distance from a cliff and hears the echo of their voice. The sound waves (longitudinal waves) traveling in the air are reflected from the bounding cliff. Similarly, flipping one end of a string whose other end is tied to a wall causes a pulse (transverse wave) to travel through the string, which gets reflected upon reaching the wall. In...
3.7K
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

301
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
301
The Retina01:32

The Retina

69.1K
The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
69.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Brain Response to Reflectional Symmetry Is Not Uniquely Preattentive.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same author

At the roots of Plant Awareness Disparity (PAD): Semantic processing and numerosity perception.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Conditions for view invariance in the neural response to symmetry revisited: The case of real and drawn perspective.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same author

Delayed foveal and parafoveal masks disrupt peripheral target processing.

Cognition·2026
Same author

Sustained posterior negativity (SPN) elicited by brief (20 ms) symmetrical stimuli.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Perceptual organization and its visual subcomponents in schizophrenia and schizotypy: A systematic review.

Schizophrenia research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

25.3K

The brain does not process horizontal reflection when attending to vertical reflection, and vice versa.

Alexis D J Makin1,2, Giulia Rampone1,3, Marco Bertamini4,5

  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Journal of Vision
|March 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual attention can influence brain responses to symmetry. This study found that the visual system processes reflectional symmetry in independent, axis-orientation specific channels, even when distractors are present.

More Related Videos

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention
05:36

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

Published on: November 16, 2017

7.5K
Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine
07:05

Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine

Published on: October 27, 2016

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

25.3K
Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention
05:36

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

Published on: November 16, 2017

7.5K
Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine
07:05

Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine

Published on: October 27, 2016

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Feature attention modulates electrophysiological responses to visual symmetry.
  • The sustained posterior negativity (SPN) is an electroencephalography component linked to visual symmetry processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how visual symmetry is processed in the presence of distracting information.
  • To determine if the visual system processes reflectional symmetry independently across different orientations.

Main Methods:

  • Participants viewed overlapping dot clouds and discriminated symmetry in target dots while ignoring distractor dots.
  • Electrophysiology (EEG) was used to measure the sustained posterior negativity (SPN) component.
  • Five conditions varied target and distractor regularity and symmetry.

Main Results:

  • Previous findings on attention modulating symmetry responses were replicated.
  • Distractor dots with orthogonal axes of reflection did not affect SPN amplitude.
  • SPN amplitude was sensitive to target symmetry regardless of distractor regularity.

Conclusions:

  • The visual system processes reflectional symmetry in independent channels specific to the axis of orientation.
  • This independence allows for focused processing of symmetry in target stimuli, even with interfering visual information.