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Conscientiousness and Pain Interference in Older Age.

Stephanie T Judge1, Kaitlyn J Meyr1, Suzanne C Segerstrom1,2

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Higher conscientiousness (a personality trait) in older adults is linked to less pain interference, especially with increased pain and age. This suggests a positive cycle between personality and health in aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Health Psychology
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Conscientiousness is linked to better health outcomes and increases with age.
  • Pain and its interference are significant issues for older adults.
  • Both age and conscientiousness influence pain perception and its impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how conscientiousness affects the relationship between pain and pain interference in older adults.
  • To examine if pain and pain interference influence changes in conscientiousness over time.

Main Methods:

  • 196 community-dwelling older adults (average age 73) provided pain and interference data for up to 10 years.
  • Conscientiousness was measured at the beginning and end of the study period.
  • Multilevel models and hierarchical regression were used to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • Higher conscientiousness was associated with lower pain interference across all pain levels (p < .01).
  • This protective effect of conscientiousness was more significant in older individuals with higher pain levels.
  • While conscientiousness slightly increased over time, higher baseline age and greater pain interference were linked to smaller increases in conscientiousness.

Conclusions:

  • Conscientiousness plays a protective role against pain interference, particularly for older adults experiencing high pain.
  • Reduced pain interference may, in turn, foster higher conscientiousness, suggesting a reciprocal relationship between personality and health in aging.
  • This highlights a potential pathway for personality to shape health trajectories throughout older adulthood.