Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Microsurgical Clip Obliteration of Middle Cerebral Aneurysm Using Intraoperative Flow Assessment
Published on: September 25, 2009
Combined Preoperative Endovascular Embolization and Surgical Excision for Scalp Arteriovenous Malformations: A
Abdulaziz M Alghamdi1, Razan Ayed Alboqami1, Orjwan Hashem Ateeq1
1College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of the combined approach of preoperative endovascular embolization (EE) and surgical excision (SE) for scalp arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and present an illustrative case report.
Methods:
A systematic review was conducted using online databases (PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, and Embase) on February 15, 2023. The inclusion criteria were any type of study of patients with scalp AVMs who were diagnosed and confirmed through angiography and treated with combined preoperative EE and SE. All the articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this study.
Results:
A total of 49 articles (91 patients) were included. The patients' age ranged from 10 days to 70 years at the time of presentation. The most common symptoms were a pulsatile mass in 51 patients (56.04%), progressively growing mass in 31 patients (34.06%), and bruits and/or thrills in 22 patients (24.17%). Complications of preoperative EE and SE were observed in only 5 patients; 3 patients (3.29%) had harvested skin graft marginal necrosis, 1 patient (1.09%) had skin necrosis, and 1 patient (1.09%) had a wound infection. Only 2 patients (2.19%) reported a recurrent or residual mass during a median follow-up period of 12 months.
Conclusions:
The management of scalp AVMs can be challenging; therefore, focused, and accurate identification of the complexity of the vascular anatomy is required. The combined method of preoperative EE and SE showed satisfactory outcomes with low rates of complications and recurrence; thus, we recommend this approach for the management of scalp AVMs.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System II: Inspection
Head and Neck
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation
Abnormal findings observed during an inspection
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

