[The heart of the Papio Erxleben, 1777: biometry and macroscopic anatomy]

One hundred hearts of baboons were studied (P. hamadryas and P. cynocepahlus). The weight and the volume of the hearts were measured by Scherle method (1970). The other measurements were: oblique diameter right "atrium" - apex cordis", right and left free ventricular thickness and the inner aorta diameter. The hearts were also studied by gross dissection and anatomical sections. The morphology of the heart of the baboon proved to be similar to the human heart morphology. Probably it is a good model to the cardiovascular research and may be surgical applications.