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A Mendelian Randomisation Analysis Reveals No Relationship Between Periodontitis and Coronary Atherosclerosis

Zhengrui Li1, Qi Wang2, Xufeng Huang3

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Center of Head and Neck Oncology Clinical and Translational Science, Shanghai, China.

International Dental Journal
|March 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study investigated the causal link between periodontitis and coronary atherosclerosis (CA) using Mendelian randomization. Results indicate no significant causal association, suggesting other mechanisms may link these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Periodontology
  • Genetic Epidemiology

Background:

  • Periodontitis and coronary atherosclerosis (CA) share observed correlations.
  • The causal relationship between periodontitis and CA remains uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential causal link between chronic/acute periodontitis (CP/AP) and CA using Mendelian randomization.
  • To clarify the etiological relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Two-sample, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
  • Utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for periodontitis and CA.
  • Employed inverse-variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method, with supplementary analyses (MR Egger, Weighted Median).

Main Results:

  • No significant causal relationship was found between coronary atherosclerosis and periodontitis (CP/AP) via IVW analysis.
  • Bidirectional MR analysis also did not identify a causal impact of periodontitis on CA.
  • Supplementary analyses confirmed the absence of a causal association.

Conclusions:

  • This comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis does not support a causal association between periodontitis and coronary atherosclerosis.
  • Further research is warranted to explore shared underlying mechanisms and alternative causal pathways.
  • The findings highlight the need to differentiate correlation from causation in epidemiological studies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary atherosclerosisInverse-variance weightedMendelian randomizationPeriodontitis

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