Comparative analysis of prognosis and gene expression in prostate cancer patients with site-specific visceral...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Genomics
• Cancer Metastasis

Background:

• Prostate cancer with visceral metastases often has a poor prognosis.
• Limited research compares prognostic impacts and gene expression across different visceral metastatic sites.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively analyze the prognostic impact and gene expression profiles of distinct visceral metastatic sites in prostate cancer.
• To compare prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) risk and gene expression between liver and lung metastases.

Main Methods:

• Utilized SEER database (8,170 patients, 2000-2019) for PCSM risk analysis of metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa).
• Employed competing risks regression to assess the effect of visceral metastatic sites on PCSM.
• Analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in liver vs. lung metastases using GSE6752 data and constructed a protein-protein interaction network.

Main Results:

• Liver and lung metastases significantly impacted PCSM (HR 2.24 and 1.30, respectively).
• Seven DEGs (e.g., SCGB3A1, CEACAM6) were identified, linked to respiratory gaseous exchange and fibronectin matrix formation.
• Three DEGs upregulated in lung metastases were also higher in normal lung vs. liver tissues.

Conclusions:

• mPCa patients with liver and/or lung metastases have poorer prognoses.
• SCGB3A1, a tumor suppressor, may contribute to better survival in lung metastasis compared to liver metastasis.
• Gene expression profiles show both heterogeneity and homogeneity between liver and lung metastatic sites.