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Related Concept Videos

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
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Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

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Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
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Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

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Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

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Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

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Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
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Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
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Re-Evaluating Cross-Contamination: Additional Trials on Co-Ventilation.

Jonathan W McMahon1, Donald J Doukas1, Christopher Hanuscin2

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University and Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University and Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
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PubMed
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In disaster scenarios, co-ventilating sheep on a single ventilator is possible without spreading infection. This study found no cross-contamination between "lungs" within 24 hours using specialized filters.

Keywords:
co-ventilationcritical carecross-contaminationdisastershared ventilatorventilation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical engineering
  • Infectious disease transmission
  • Critical care medicine

Background:

  • Medical equipment scarcity is a critical issue during disaster scenarios.
  • Previous research demonstrated the feasibility of co-ventilating multiple sheep using a single ventilator.
  • The risk of cross-contamination between co-ventilated individuals remained uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if infectious agents can spread between individuals co-ventilated on a single machine.
  • To assess the risk of cross-contamination in a simulated co-ventilation scenario.

Main Methods:

  • A ventilator circuit was configured with anesthesia bags, heat and moisture exchange filters, and bacterial/viral filters.
  • Serratia marcescens was introduced into one "lung" (anesthesia bag).
  • Cultures were taken from all "lungs" and circuit points over 48 hours to detect bacterial spread in three independent trials.

Main Results:

  • Serratia marcescens was not detected in any of the other "lungs" or circuit locations.
  • No cross-contamination was observed in any of the three trials conducted.
  • Bacterial spread was absent at both 24 and 48-hour culture points.

Conclusions:

  • The tested ventilator circuit configuration effectively prevents cross-contamination between co-ventilated individuals within a 24-hour period.
  • This finding supports the safety of co-ventilation in emergency situations when medical equipment is limited.