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Updated: Jul 1, 2025

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Coherent light scattering from cellular dynamics in living tissues.

David D Nolte1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America.

Reports on Progress in Physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)
|March 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Dynamic light scattering reveals active intracellular transport in living tissues. This technique monitors cellular motion, offering insights into health and disease for potential medical applications.

Keywords:
Doppler spectroscopycellular dynamicsdigital holographydynamic light scatteringintracellular transportoptical coherenceoptical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Biological Physics
  • Biophysics
  • Cellular Dynamics

Background:

  • Cells and their components are in constant motion, crucial for maintaining cellular health.
  • Intracellular motion is actively driven by bioenergetic molecules and molecular motors, not just thermal processes.
  • This active transport can exhibit complex diffusion patterns like Lévy or fractional Brownian walks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological physics of intracellular transport using coherent optics.
  • To explore how dynamic light scattering probes motion in living tissues.
  • To highlight the application of these optical techniques in healthcare.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing coherent optics and dynamic light scattering (DLS) on optically thick living tissues.
  • Employing DLS to detect Doppler shifts caused by directed intracellular transport.
  • Leveraging techniques like speckle contrast imaging and fluctuation spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Active intracellular transport, though complex, can be characterized by Doppler shifts in scattered light.
  • Dynamic speckle patterns reveal tissue-scale dynamics and cellular processes.
  • Altered cellular motions in disease states are detectable through statistical fluctuations in scattered light.

Conclusions:

  • Coherent light scattering is a powerful tool for studying intracellular transport dynamics.
  • Changes in cellular motion due to disease or therapeutics can be monitored non-invasively.
  • This approach has potential for real-time health monitoring and therapeutic efficacy assessment, particularly in cancer biopsies.