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Short-Term Outcomes of Early Oral Colostrum Administration in VLBW Neonates: An Open-Label Randomized Controlled

Sedigheh Tehranchi1, Farzaneh Palizban1, Maryam Khoshnood Shariati1

  • 1Clinical Research Development Center, Mahdiyeh Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
|March 4, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Early oral colostrum priming (OCP) in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates was found to be safe but did not improve short-term outcomes. This study indicates OCP does not significantly impact infection rates, feeding milestones, or overall mortality in VLBW infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Oropharyngeal colostrum priming (OCP) is a proposed nutritional intervention for very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates.
  • Early administration of colostrum via the oral route is being explored for potential benefits in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes associated with early oral colostrum administration in VLBW neonates.
  • To determine if OCP impacts key neonatal morbidities and growth parameters.

Main Methods:

  • An open-label randomized controlled trial involving VLBW neonates.
  • Participants were randomized to receive oral colostrum (intervention) or no oral colostrum (control).
  • Statistical analyses included t-tests, chi-square, and Fisher exact tests to compare outcomes between groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed between the OCP group and the control group regarding PICC infections, sepsis, NEC, IVH, ROP, or BPD.
  • Time to reach 120 cc/kg feeds, time to regain birth weight, length of hospitalization, and mortality rates showed no significant variations between the groups.
  • A total of 76 VLBW neonates (37 intervention, 39 control) were included in the final analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Early oral colostrum administration is safe for VLBW neonates.
  • OCP did not demonstrate significant improvements in the evaluated short-term outcomes for VLBW infants.
  • Further research may be needed to explore potential long-term effects or alternative OCP protocols.
Abstract

Keywords:
Breast MilkColostrumNeonateVery Low Birth Weight

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