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Ion Exchange

Ion Exchange

Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...

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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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Modifying the Electrocatalyst-Ionomer Interface via Sulfonated Poly(ionic liquid) Block Copolymers to Enable

Yawei Li¹, Tim Van Cleve¹, Rui Sun²

¹Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.

ACS Energy Letters

|March 4, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sulfonated poly(ionic liquid) block copolymer (SPILBCP) ionomers improve polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) kinetics but lack connectivity. Mixing SPILBCP with Nafion enhances performance across kinetic and mass transport regions.

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Probing and Mapping Electrode Surfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Materials Science
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are crucial for clean energy.
Sulfonated poly(ionic liquid) block copolymer (SPILBCP) ionomers offer enhanced kinetic performance by suppressing platinum (Pt) surface oxidation.
However, SPILBCP ionomers exhibit poor ionomer network connectivity, leading to significant loss of electrochemical active area at lower relative humidity (RH).

Purpose of the Study:

To address the limitations of SPILBCP ionomers in PEMFC electrodes.
To improve the overall performance of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) by enhancing ionomer network connectivity.
To investigate the combined effects of Nafion and SPILBCP ionomers on MEA performance.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of PEMFC electrodes using Pt/Vulcan electrocatalyst with SPILBCP ionomer.
Characterization of electrode performance, focusing on kinetic and mass transport regions.
Development and testing of mixed Nafion/SPILBCP ionomer systems in MEAs.

Main Results:

SPILBCP-only electrodes showed a twofold enhancement in kinetic performance due to suppressed Pt oxidation.
SPILBCP electrodes experienced over 70% loss in electrochemical active area at 30% RH due to poor ionomer connectivity.
Mixed Nafion/SPILBCP electrodes demonstrated substantial improvements in MEA performance across both kinetic and mass transport limitations.
Specific activity values from MEA testing matched prior half-cell results for Nafion-free systems.

Conclusions:

Mixing Nafion with SPILBCP ionomers effectively overcomes the connectivity issues of SPILBCP alone.
The combined ionomer system significantly enhances overall MEA performance in PEMFCs.
This strategy offers a promising approach to improve MEAs with surface-accessible electrocatalysts by tailoring the electrocatalyst/ionomer interface.