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Cellulase production under solid-state fermentation by Aspergillus sp. IN5: Parameter optimization and application.

Antika Boondaeng¹, Jureeporn Keabpimai¹, Chanaporn Trakunjae¹

¹Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.

|March 4, 2024

Summary

This study optimized fungal cellulase production using soybean residue under solid-state fermentation. The enzymes efficiently hydrolyzed alkali-pretreated rice straw, yielding high reducing sugars for sustainable waste management.

Keywords:

Cellulase-producing fungi Fungal cellulase Optimization Rice straw Solid-state fermentation

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Enzymology
Industrial Microbiology

Background:

Microbial cellulases are crucial industrial catalysts with broad applications.
Cellulase systems are complex and widely studied for their industrial relevance.
Agricultural waste presents a challenge for sustainable waste management.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize cellulase production from a novel fungal isolate, *Aspergillus* sp. IN5, using solid-state fermentation.
To evaluate the efficiency of the produced cellulase in hydrolyzing pretreated lignocellulosic agricultural waste.
To explore sustainable waste management strategies through enzymatic degradation of agricultural residues.

Main Methods:

Solid-state fermentation of *Aspergillus* sp. IN5 on soybean residue.
Optimization of fermentation parameters: substrate, temperature, pH, and incubation time.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of acid- and alkali-pretreated rice straw using the produced cellulase.

Main Results:

Optimized cellulase production achieved highest total cellulase activity (0.26 U/g), carboxymethyl cellulase (3.32 U/g), and β-glucosidase (196.09 U/g) at 35°C, pH 7.0, and 5 days.
Alkali pretreatment of rice straw resulted in higher reducing sugar yields compared to acid pretreatment.
Maximum reducing sugar yield of 286.06 mg/g was achieved using alkali-pretreated rice straw with 15 U/g enzyme loading after 24-h incubation.

Conclusions:

The study successfully optimized cellulase production from *Aspergillus* sp. IN5.
The produced fungal cellulase effectively degrades lignocellulosic materials, particularly alkali-pretreated rice straw.
This research offers a sustainable approach for agricultural waste utilization and enzymatic biomass conversion.