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Increased PD-1+ NK Cell Subset in the Older Population
Meiju Deng1,2, Yongqin Zeng2,3, Ying Liu2
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, People's Republic of China.
International Journal of General Medicine
|March 4, 2024
Summary
Aging immune systems show changes in Natural Killer (NK) cells. Older adults exhibit increased Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) expression on NK cells, indicating a potential marker of immune aging.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gerontology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Immune system aging is linked to various diseases.
- Aged T cells show increased co-inhibitory molecules.
- The characteristics of aged Natural Killer (NK) cells remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate age-related changes in NK cell receptor expression.
- To determine if NK cells share co-inhibitory molecule expression patterns with aged T cells.
- To identify potential biomarkers of NK cell aging.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood NK cells from 98 adults (aged 24-90).
- Assessment of NK cell subsets and expression of various receptors, including co-inhibitory molecules.
- Correlation analysis between receptor expression and donor age.
Main Results:
- NK cell number and subset distribution were age-independent.
- CD57 and CD69 expression on NK cells correlated positively with age.
- Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) was upregulated on NK cells in older individuals, unlike other tested co-inhibitory molecules.
- PD-1+ NK cells exhibited a phenotype of over-activation and aging, expressing high CD57 and CD69.
Conclusions:
- Upregulation of PD-1 on NK cells is a characteristic feature of aging in humans.
- PD-1+ NK cells represent a potential indicator of immune aging.
- These findings offer insights into the mechanisms driving NK cell aging.
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