Vulvar Hidradenoma Papilliferum

Area of Science:

• Dermatopathology
• Gynecologic Pathology

Background:

• Hidradenoma papilliferum is a rare benign neoplasm originating from apocrine or secretory glands.
• These tumors most commonly occur in the vulva, but can also be found in the perineum and perianal region.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively analyze the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical features of vulvar hidradenoma papilliferum.
• To review diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses for this rare vulvar tumor.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 45 cases of vulvar hidradenoma papilliferum.
• Review of clinical data, histological patterns, and immunohistochemical findings (CK7, PR, mammaglobin, GCDFP-15, CK20).
• High-risk HPV typing was performed on all cases.

Main Results:

• Tumor size ranged from 0.3 to 2.0 cm, with pink or red appearance.
• Histological findings included vacuolated cytoplasm, large abnormal nuclei, distinct nucleoli, and eosinophilic luminal secretions.
• Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for CK7 and progesterone receptor (PR), with focal mammaglobin and GCDFP-15 expression. CK20 was negative.

Conclusions:

• Vulvar hidradenoma papilliferum is a rare benign tumor of secretory gland origin.
• Gross and immunohistochemical findings are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
• Distinguishing hidradenoma papilliferum from other vulvar lesions is essential for appropriate patient management.