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Left heart bypass without thoracotomy.

M G Seremetis

    The Journal of Heart Transplantation
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new temporary mechanical heart support system offers effective circulatory assistance for several weeks. This simple, rapidly installed device can aid patients with severe heart conditions awaiting transplantation or mechanical device replacement.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Surgery
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Mechanical Circulatory Support

    Background:

    • Patients with severe myocardial infarctions or end-stage heart failure require temporary circulatory support.
    • Current methods for mechanical circulatory assistance can be invasive and complex.
    • A need exists for a simple, rapidly installed temporary mechanical heart assistance system.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate a novel temporary mechanical circulatory assistance system.
    • To establish a mediastinal route for left heart bypass without thoracotomy.
    • To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a mediastinal atrial cannula for temporary cardiac support.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a mediastinal approach for left heart bypass in human cadavers and dogs.

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  • Utilized anatomical studies to confirm left atrial access via the anterior mediastinum.
  • Designed and inserted a silastic cannula with inflatable balloons into the left atrium via mediastinoscopy, connected to an extracorporeal circuit.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the accessibility of the left atrium through the anterior mediastinum.
    • Successfully inserted a silastic cannula via mediastinoscopy, secured by balloons to prevent hemorrhage.
    • The extracorporeal circuit effectively pumped up to 90% of cardiac output into the femoral artery.
    • The insertion procedure was simple and the system proved highly effective.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel, minimally invasive temporary mechanical circulatory support system was developed.
    • The mediastinal route and atrial cannula provide a simple and effective method for left heart bypass.
    • This system offers a promising solution for temporary circulatory support in critically ill cardiac patients.