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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Multimodal 3D Printing of Phantoms to Simulate Biological Tissue
05:11

Multimodal 3D Printing of Phantoms to Simulate Biological Tissue

Published on: January 11, 2020

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4D printing for biomedical applications.

Arkodip Mandal1, Kaushik Chatterjee1

  • 1Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India. kchatterjee@iisc.ac.in.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|March 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Four-dimensional (4D) printing enables programmable shape and function changes in materials. This advanced manufacturing technique holds promise for dynamic tissue engineering, drug delivery, and medical devices.

Area of Science:

  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) printing creates static objects, limiting applications in dynamic biological systems.
  • Native tissues and advanced medical devices require dynamic, responsive functionalities not achievable with static 3D printing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in materials, printing, and post-processing for 4D printing.
  • To explore the diverse biomedical applications of 4D-printed materials.
  • To identify challenges and propose strategies for clinical translation of 4D printing.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing recent progress in materials chemistry for stimuli-responsive polymers, ceramics, and metals.
  • Reviewing 3D printing strategies and post-printing techniques to achieve temporal dynamics.

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  • Analyzing current and potential biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and drug delivery.

    • Main Results:

    • 4D printing enables temporal programmability in soft materials (hydrogels, polymers, elastomers), ceramics, and metals.
    • Key applications include advanced tissue engineering, controlled drug delivery systems, sophisticated in vitro models, and responsive medical devices.
    • Progress in materials science and printing methodologies is driving the realization of dynamic 4D-printed constructs.

    Conclusions:

    • 4D printing offers transformative potential for biomedical applications by enabling dynamic material behavior.
    • Overcoming current challenges requires an application-driven design approach for successful clinical translation.
    • Widespread adoption of 4D printing hinges on continued innovation and addressing implementation hurdles.