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Area of Science:

Laser Physics
Optical Communications
Structured Light

Background:

Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) lasers offer potential for high-capacity optical communication by enabling OAM mode-division multiplexing (OAM-MDM).
Integrating OAM with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) requires tunable OAM light sources.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a wavelength-tunable thulium-bulk (Tm-bulk) laser capable of controlling orbital angular momentum (OAM) states.
To investigate the generation and properties of OAM states in the 2-µm spectral range.

Main Methods:

Theoretical determination of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG0,n) mode excitation conditions based on annular pump beam propagation.
Experimental generation of OAM states (|ħ| and |2ħ|) using a Tm:Y2O3 ceramic laser.
Wavelength tuning achieved using a Lyot filter (LF).

Main Results:

Successful generation of wavelength-tunable OAM states (|ħ| and |2ħ|) in the 2-µm range.
Demonstration that spatial properties of scalar optical vortices are conserved during wavelength tuning.
Confirmation of the feasibility of producing robust and compact wavelength-tunable structured light sources.

Conclusions:

The developed Tm-bulk laser provides a novel source for wavelength-tunable structured light with controllable OAM.
This technology holds significant promise for advancing optical communications, quantum optics, and super-resolution microscopy.