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Updated: Jul 1, 2025

In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen
Published on: September 20, 2012
Type 1 collagen: Synthesis, structure and key functions in bone mineralization
Vimalraj Selvaraj1, Saravanan Sekaran2, Anuradha Dhanasekaran3
1Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract:
Collagen is a highly abundant protein in the extracellular matrix of humans and mammals, and it plays a critical role in maintaining the body's structural integrity. Type I collagen is the most prevalent collagen type and is essential for the structural integrity of various tissues. It is present in nearly all connective tissues and is the main constituent of the interstitial matrix. Mutations that affect collagen fiber formation, structure, and function can result in various bone pathologies, underscoring the significance of collagen in sustaining healthy bone tissue. Studies on type 1 collagen have revealed that mutations in its encoding gene can lead to diverse bone diseases, such as osteogenesis imperfecta, a disorder characterized by fragile bones that are susceptible to fractures. Knowledge of collagen's molecular structure, synthesis, assembly, and breakdown is vital for comprehending embryonic and foetal development and several aspects of human physiology. In this review, we summarize the structure, molecular biology of type 1 collagen, its biomineralization and pathologies affecting bone.
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